HANG SENG INDEX (^HSI) is stock market Hong Kong

What does Hsi stand for in the stock market in Python?

The Hang Seng Index (HSI) is a major stock market index in Hong Kong that serves as a key indicator of the performance of the Hong Kong stock market. It represents the performance of the largest and most liquid companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEX). Here’s a detailed overview:

Index Overview

• Name: Hang Seng Index (HSI)
• Type: Stock Market Index
• Country: Hong Kong
• Exchange: Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEX)
• Established: 1969

Constituents

• Top Companies: The Hang Seng Index comprises 50 of the largest and most traded stocks on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. These companies are selected based on their market capitalization, liquidity, and overall impact on the market.
• Sector Representation: The index covers a broad range of sectors, including finance, property, utilities, and technology. Financials and real estate typically have significant weightings in the index.

Calculation Method

• Free-Float Market Capitalization-Weighted: The HSI is calculated based on free-float market capitalization, which means that the index weights companies according to the value of shares available for public trading. Shares held by insiders or strategic investors are excluded from this calculation.
• Index Rebalancing: The index is reviewed and rebalanced quarterly to ensure it remains representative of the market. Adjustments are made based on changes in market capitalization, liquidity, and other factors.

Purpose and Use

• Benchmark: The Hang Seng Index serves as a benchmark for the Hong Kong stock market, providing insights into the performance of major companies listed on the HKEX and reflecting broader economic trends in Hong Kong.
• Investment: It is widely used by investors, fund managers, and analysts to track market performance. Many financial products, including ETFs (Exchange-Traded Funds) and mutual funds, are designed to track the HSI.

Historical Performance

• 1969: The HSI was launched on November 24, 1969, with a base value of 100 points.
• Growth: Over the decades, the index has experienced significant growth and volatility, reflecting both economic developments in Hong Kong and global market conditions.

Significance

• Economic Indicator: As a primary gauge of the Hong Kong stock market, the HSI provides valuable insights into the health of Hong Kong’s largest companies and the overall economy.
• Global Influence: The index is closely watched by international investors and analysts, as many HSI companies have global operations and play a significant role in international trade and finance.

Recent Developments

• Economic and Political Factors: The HSI has been influenced by various economic and political factors, including changes in Hong Kong’s political environment, economic policies, and global economic conditions.
• Market Trends: Shifts in the composition of the index can reflect broader market trends, including changes in sectoral representation and the impact of economic reforms.

Investment Products

• ETFs and Mutual Funds: Several ETFs and mutual funds are designed to track the Hang Seng Index, providing investors with exposure to its performance.
• Derivatives: Futures and options contracts based on the HSI are available for trading, offering tools for hedging and speculative strategies.

Notable Companies

• Leading Firms: The Hang Seng Index includes several prominent companies, such as:
• HSBC Holdings plc: A major global banking and financial services company.
• Tencent Holdings Limited: A leading technology and internet services company.
• AIA Group Limited: A major insurance and financial services provider.
• China Construction Bank: One of the largest banks in the world.

Composition: The Hang Seng Index is composed of a diverse set of companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEX). It typically includes the largest and most actively traded stocks from various sectors, including finance, real estate, technology, and more. The exact composition and criteria for inclusion are periodically reviewed and adjusted by the Hang Seng Indexes Company Limited, the organization responsible for maintaining the index.

Market Capitalization Weighted: Similar to many other stock market indices, the Hang Seng Index is market capitalization-weighted. This means that the weight of each component stock in the index is determined by its market capitalization, which is the product of its stock price and the number of outstanding shares. Larger companies have a more significant impact on the index's performance.

Global Significance: While the Hang Seng Index primarily reflects the performance of Hong Kong-listed companies, it is closely watched by investors and financial professionals worldwide. It is often used as an indicator of the health of Hong Kong's economy and as a gauge of investor sentiment in the broader Asian market.

Sector Diversity: The index includes companies from various sectors, including financial services (e.g., banks and insurance companies), real estate (e.g., property developers), information technology (e.g., tech firms), consumer goods, and more. This diversity helps spread risk for investors.

Calculation: The Hang Seng Index is calculated and maintained by the Hang Seng Indexes Company Limited. It uses a formula that takes into account the market capitalization of each component stock and adjusts for events such as stock splits and mergers.

Price and Total Return Versions: Similar to other indices, there are two versions of the Hang Seng Index: the price return version and the total return version. The price return version reflects changes in the prices of the index's constituent stocks, while the total return version includes dividend income generated by those stocks.

Market Hours: The Hang Seng Index follows the trading hours of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, typically open from 9:30 AM to 4:00 PM (local time), Monday to Friday.

Historical Performance: The Hang Seng Index's historical performance reflects the ups and downs of the Hong Kong and global economies, as well as trends in various industries.

Volatility: Like most stock indices, the Hang Seng Index can experience periods of volatility influenced by factors such as economic data, geopolitical events, interest rates, and currency fluctuations.

Investors and financial professionals use the Hang Seng Index as a reference point for assessing the performance of Hong Kong stocks, making investment decisions, and managing portfolios. It serves as a critical tool for portfolio diversification and risk management, particularly for investors with exposure to Asian markets.

What country is hsi?

Hong kong

Why is hsi droping?

We have described below through python

How to download hsi stock price in python?

!pip install yfinance

import yfinance as yf

import numpy as np

import pandas as pd

import seaborn as sns

import scipy.stats as scs

import statsmodels.api as sm

import statsmodels.tsa.api as smt

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

This is the stock price of hsi from 1985 to 2021

df = yf.download('^HSI',

start='1985-01-01',

end='2021-07-07',

progress=False)

df = df.loc[:, ['Adj Close']]

df.rename(columns={'Adj Close':'adj_close'}, inplace=True)

df['simple_rtn'] = df.adj_close.pct_change()

df['log_rtn'] = np.log(df.adj_close/df.adj_close.shift(1))

df[['simple_rtn','log_rtn']].tail(20)

Stock price of Hsi simple and log return

simple_rtn	log_rtn
Date
2021-06-07	-0.004524	-0.004534
2021-06-08	-0.000205	-0.000205
2021-06-09	-0.001346	-0.001347
2021-06-10	-0.000130	-0.000130
2021-06-11	0.003593	0.003586
2021-06-15	-0.007059	-0.007084
2021-06-16	-0.007043	-0.007068
2021-06-17	0.004281	0.004272
2021-06-18	0.008498	0.008462
2021-06-21	-0.010842	-0.010901
2021-06-22	-0.006292	-0.006311
2021-06-23	0.017920	0.017761
2021-06-24	0.002269	0.002267
2021-06-25	0.014049	0.013951
2021-06-28	-0.000680	-0.000680
2021-06-29	-0.009369	-0.009413
2021-06-30	-0.005730	-0.005747
2021-07-02	-0.017952	-0.018115
2021-07-05	-0.005896	-0.005914
2021-07-06	-0.002510	-0.002513

How to get realised volatily of hsi?

def realized_volatility(x):

 return np.sqrt(np.sum(x**2))

df_rv = df.groupby(pd.Grouper(freq='M')).apply(realized_volatility)

df_rv.rename(columns={'log_rtn': 'rv'}, inplace=True)

df_rv.rv = df_rv.rv * np.sqrt(12)

fig, ax = plt.subplots(2, 1, sharex=True)

ax[0].plot(df)

ax[1].plot(df_rv)

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x7f0d3d28ba10>,
 <matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x7f0d3d2a35d0>,
 <matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x7f0d3d2a37d0>]

How to plot realised volatility?

fig, ax = plt.subplots(3, 1, figsize=(24, 20), sharex=True)

df.adj_close.plot(ax=ax[0])

ax[0].set(title = 'HSI time series',

ylabel = 'Stock price ($)')

df.simple_rtn.plot(ax=ax[1])

ax[1].set(ylabel = 'Simple returns (%)')

df.log_rtn.plot(ax=ax[2])

ax[2].set(xlabel = 'Date',

ylabel = 'Log returns (%)')

[Text(0, 0.5, 'Log returns (%)'), Text(0.5, 0, 'Date')]

How to plot hsi time series?

import cufflinks as cf

from plotly.offline import iplot, init_notebook_mode

init_notebook_mode()

df_rolling = df[['simple_rtn']].rolling(window=21) \

.agg(['mean', 'std'])

df_rolling.columns = df_rolling.columns.droplevel()

df_outliers = df.join(df_rolling)

def indentify_outliers(row, n_sigmas=3):

   x = row['simple_rtn']

   mu = row['mean']

   sigma = row['std']

   if (x > mu + 3 * sigma) | (x < mu - 3 * sigma):

    return 1

   else:

    return 0

df_outliers['outlier'] = df_outliers.apply(indentify_outliers,

axis=1)

outliers = df_outliers.loc[df_outliers['outlier'] == 1,

['simple_rtn']]

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

ax.plot(df_outliers.index, df_outliers.simple_rtn,

color='blue', label='Normal')

ax.scatter(outliers.index, outliers.simple_rtn,

color='red', label='Anomaly')

ax.set_title("HSI returns")

ax.legend(loc='lower right')

HSI Outlier simple return

<matplotlib.legend.Legend at 0x7f0d36f254d0>

r_range = np.linspace(min(df.log_rtn), max(df.log_rtn), num=1000)

mu = df.log_rtn.mean()

sigma = df.log_rtn.std()

norm_pdf = scs.norm.pdf(r_range, loc=mu, scale=sigma)

fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(16, 8))

# histogram

sns.distplot(df.log_rtn, kde=False, norm_hist=True, ax=ax[0])

ax[0].set_title('Distribution of HSI returns', fontsize=16)

ax[0].plot(r_range, norm_pdf, 'g', lw=2,

label=f'N({mu:.2f}, {sigma**2:.4f})')

ax[0].legend(loc='upper left');

/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/seaborn/distributions.py:2557: FutureWarning:

`distplot` is a deprecated function and will be removed in a future version. Please adapt your code to use either `displot` (a figure-level function with similar flexibility) or `histplot` (an axes-level function for histograms).

df.log_rtn.plot(title='Daily HSI returns')

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x7f0d3811f850>

df = yf.download(['^HSI', '^VIX'],

start='1985-01-01',

end='2021-07-07',

progress=False)

df.tail()

HSI and VIX data

df = df[['Adj Close']]

df.tail()

Starting Price

df.columns = df.columns.droplevel(0)

df = df.rename(columns={'^HSI': 'hsi', '^VIX': 'vix'})

df['log_rtn'] = np.log(df.hsi / df.hsi.shift(1))

df['vol_rtn'] = np.log(df.vix / df.vix.shift(1))

df.dropna(how='any', axis=0, inplace=True)

corr_coeff = df.log_rtn.corr(df.vol_rtn)

ax = sns.regplot(x='log_rtn', y='vol_rtn', data=df,

line_kws={'color': 'red'})

ax.set(title=f'BVSP vs. VIX ($\\rho$ = {corr_coeff:.2f})',

ylabel='VIX log returns',

xlabel='HSI log returns')

[Text(0, 0.5, 'VIX log returns'),
 Text(0.5, 0, 'HSI log returns'),
 Text(0.5, 1.0, 'HSI vs. VIX ($\\rho$ = -0.13)')]

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